Vue débutant — tout est expliqué simplement.
D'où vient notre savoir
On écrit beaucoup sur les peptides en ligne, et une grande partie n'est que du ouï-dire venu de forums ou de pages de vente. Nous faisons autrement : nous nous appuyons sur les sources originales, c'est-à-dire de vraies études et des autorités officielles. Et nous les relions pour que tu puisses vérifier toi-même. Voici, en bref, d'où vient notre savoir et pourquoi tu peux lui faire confiance.
Nous partons des sources originales
Imagine une histoire qui passe de bouche à oreille : à la fin, elle ne ressemble plus du tout au début. C'est ainsi que naissent beaucoup d'affirmations sur les peptides. Nous préférons aller droit à la source : aux études scientifiques elles-mêmes et aux organismes qui évaluent officiellement les médicaments.
- Des études de chercheuses et chercheurs, pas des messages de forum
- Des autorités officielles comme l'EMA européenne et la FDA américaine
- Aucune promesse publicitaire venue de pages de vente
Tu peux tout vérifier toi-même
La confiance c'est bien, vérifier c'est mieux. C'est pourquoi nous relions les vraies sources au lieu de te demander de nous croire sur parole. Tu n'as pas à nous croire comme ça : suis les liens et vois par toi-même.
- Des liens vers des bases de données publiques de littérature médicale
- Des liens vers le registre mondial des essais cliniques
- Tout en accès libre, sans détour par nous
Nous sommes honnêtes quand quelque chose est flou
Parfois la recherche est mince, ou il n'existe pour l'instant que des essais chez l'animal, pas chez l'humain. Nous ne le cachons pas, car un honnête « nous ne savons pas encore » vaut mieux qu'une belle promesse fausse. Quand les preuves manquent, nous le disons clairement.
- Nous séparons nettement les affirmations des faits prouvés
- Les essais sur l'animal ne prouvent pas un effet chez l'humain
- Nous nommons les questions ouvertes au lieu de les cacher
Nous mettons à jour quand le savoir évolue
La science ne s'arrête jamais. Ce qui est vrai aujourd'hui peut être complété ou corrigé demain par une nouvelle étude. Quand les sources évoluent, nous suivons, car nos contenus doivent grandir avec l'état actuel des connaissances, pas rester figés.
L'essentiel en une phrase
Notre savoir vient de vraies études et d'autorités officielles, nous relions tout pour que tu puisses vérifier, nous sommes honnêtes face à l'incertitude, et rien de tout cela ne remplace une conversation avec un médecin.
Bibliothèque de sources
Toutes les sources primaires et de référence liées dans les profils, regroupées pour une lecture autonome. Le jugement scientifique commence aux sources originales — pas aux forums ni aux pages de produit.
PubMed
Base de données de littérature biomédicale (NCBI / NLM).
ClinicalTrials.gov
Registre des essais cliniques dans le monde.
EMA
Agence européenne des médicaments.
FDA
Agence américaine des produits alimentaires et médicamenteux.
Semaglutid
Profil →- PubMedSELECT — Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Obesity without Diabetes (NEJM 2023)Étude
- ClinicalTrials.govFLOW — Effekt von Semaglutid auf chronische Nierenerkrankung (Studienregister)Essai clinique
- EMAPRAC: NAION als sehr seltene Nebenwirkung von Semaglutid (Ozempic, Rybelsus, Wegovy)Autorité / réglementation
Tirzepatid
Profil →Retatrutid
Profil →BPC-157
Profil →TB-500 / Thymosin β4
Profil →GHK-Cu
Profil →CJC-1295 + Ipamorelin
Profil →AOD-9604
Profil →Tesamorelin
Profil →Semax
Profil →Selank
Profil →Argireline (Acetyl Hexapeptide-8)
Profil →Matrixyl (Palmitoyl-Peptide)
Profil →Epitalon (Epithalon)
Profil →Thymosin Alpha-1 (TA-1)
Profil →Sermorelin
Profil →GHRP-2
Profil →GHRP-6
Profil →Hexarelin
Profil →Somatropin (HGH 191AA)
Profil →PT-141 (Bremelanotid)
Profil →Melanotan II
Profil →Melanotan I (Afamelanotid)
Profil →MOTS-c
Profil →SS-31 (Elamipretid)
Profil →5-Amino-1MQ
Profil →KPV
Profil →DSIP
Profil →LL-37 (Cathelicidin)
Profil →- PubMedLL-37, the only human member of the cathelicidin family of antimicrobial peptides (Dürr et al., 2006)Revue
- PubMedLL-37: Cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide with pleiotropic activity (Fabisiak et al., Pharmacol Rep 2016)Revue
- PubMed CentralThe Human Cathelicidin Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37 as a Potential Treatment for Polymicrobial Infected Wounds (Duplantier & van Hoek, Front Immunol 2013)Revue
- ClinicalTrials.govInduction of Antitumor Response in Melanoma Patients Using the Antimicrobial Peptide LL37 (abgeschlossene Phase-1/2-Studie)Essai clinique
Follistatin
Profil →- Ueno N et al., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA (PNAS), 1987 (PMID 3120188)Isolation and partial characterization of follistatin: a single-chain Mr 35,000 monomeric protein that inhibits the release of follicle-stimulating hormoneÉtude
- Kota J et al., Science Translational Medicine, 2009 (PMID 20368179)Follistatin gene delivery enhances muscle growth and strength in nonhuman primatesÉtude
- Mendell JR et al., Molecular Therapy, 2015 (PMID 25322757)A phase 1/2a follistatin gene therapy trial for Becker muscular dystrophyEssai clinique
- ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01519349), Nationwide Children's Hospital — Status: abgeschlossenPhase I Clinical Intramuscular Gene Transfer of rAAV1.CMV.huFollistatin344 Trial to Patients With Becker Muscular Dystrophy and Sporadic Inclusion Body MyositisEssai clinique
Humanin
Profil →- Biology (Basel) — Karachaliou & Livaniou, 2023 (PMID 38132360)Neuroprotective Action of Humanin and Humanin Analogues: Research Findings and PerspectivesRevue
- Aging (Albany NY) — Yen et al., 2020 (PMID 32575074)The mitochondrial derived peptide humanin is a regulator of lifespan and healthspanÉtude
- Scientific Reports — Yen et al., 2018 (PMID 30242290)Humanin Prevents Age-Related Cognitive Decline in Mice and is Associated with Improved Cognitive Age in HumansÉtude
- Neuroscience Letters — Tajima et al., 2002 (PMID 12009529)Evidence for in vivo production of Humanin peptide, a neuroprotective factor against Alzheimer's disease-related insultsÉtude
VIP (Vasoaktives Intestinales Peptid)
Profil →- British Journal of Pharmacology (Harmar et al., 2012) — PMID 22289055Pharmacology and functions of receptors for vasoactive intestinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide: IUPHAR Review 1Revue
- European Respiratory Journal (Leuchte et al., 2008) — PMID 18978135Inhalation of vasoactive intestinal peptide in pulmonary hypertensionÉtude
- Trials (Boesing et al., 2022) — PMID 36127739 / PMC9486780Inhaled aviptadil for the possible treatment of COVID-19 in patients at high risk for ARDS: study protocol for a randomized, placebo-controlled, and multicenter trialEssai clinique
- ClinicalTrials.gov — NCT04311697ZYESAMI (Aviptadil) for the Treatment of Critical COVID-19 With Respiratory Failure (Phase 2/3, abgeschlossen)Essai clinique
- European Medicines Agency (EMA), Orphan-Designation vom 28.08.2006EU/3/06/395 — Orphan designation for aviptadil for the treatment of acute lung injuryAutorité / réglementation
Kisspeptin
Profil →- PubMedYang L, Dhillo WS — Kisspeptin as a therapeutic target in reproduction (Expert Opin Ther Targets, 2016)Revue
- PubMedJayasena CN et al. — Direct comparison of intravenous kisspeptin-10, kisspeptin-54 and GnRH on gonadotrophin secretion in healthy men (Human Reproduction, 2015)Étude
- PubMedRomero-Ruiz A et al. — Kisspeptin treatment induces gonadotropic responses and rescues ovulation in models and women with PCOS (Human Reproduction, 2019)Étude
- PubMedMills EG et al. — Effects of Kisspeptin on Sexual Brain Processing and Penile Tumescence in Men With HSDD: A Randomized Clinical Trial (JAMA Network Open, 2023)Essai clinique
Liraglutid
Profil →- New England Journal of Medicine / PubMedLiraglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes (LEADER-Studie)Essai clinique
- U.S. FDA / DailyMed (NLM)SAXENDA (liraglutide) injection – Prescribing Information (Boxed Warning, Contraindications, Nebenwirkungen)Autorité / réglementation
- StatPearls / NCBI BookshelfLiraglutide – StatPearls (Wirkmechanismus, Pharmakokinetik, Sicherheit)Référence
- ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science / PMCInventing Liraglutide, a Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Analogue, for the Treatment of Diabetes and ObesityRevue
- Journal of Medical Internet Research / PMCMultifactor Quality and Safety Analysis of Semaglutide Products Sold by Online Sellers Without a PrescriptionÉtude
Dulaglutid
Profil →- U.S. National Library of Medicine / FDA (DailyMed)TRULICITY (dulaglutide) injection – FDA-Fachinformation (DailyMed), inkl. Boxed Warning zu Schilddrüsen-C-Zell-Tumoren und Kontraindikation bei MTC/MEN 2Autorité / réglementation
- The Lancet (PubMed-verlinkte Stroke-Subanalyse; Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol)Dulaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes (REWIND): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trialEssai clinique
- Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews (Wiley), 2016Efficacy and safety of dulaglutide in the treatment of type 2 diabetes: a comprehensive review of the dulaglutide clinical data focusing on the AWARD phase 3 clinical trial programRevue
- Diabetes Care (American Diabetes Association), via PubMedEfficacy and safety of dulaglutide added onto pioglitazone and metformin versus exenatide in type 2 diabetes (AWARD-1)Essai clinique
- European Medicines Agency (EMA)EMA alerts EU patients and healthcare professionals to reports of falsified Ozempic pens (GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten – Fälschungswarnung)Autorité / réglementation
Exenatid
Profil →- New England Journal of Medicine, 2017;377(13):1228-1239Holman RR, Bethel MA et al. – Effects of Once-Weekly Exenatide on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes (EXSCEL)Essai clinique
- ClinicalTrials.gov (U.S. National Library of Medicine)Exenatide Study of Cardiovascular Event Lowering Trial (EXSCEL) – NCT01144338Essai clinique
- Advances in Therapy, 2017 (PMC5565650)A Review of the Long-Term Efficacy, Tolerability, and Safety of Exenatide Once Weekly for Type 2 DiabetesRevue
- UnitedHealthcare Provider Resource Library, 2024Discontinuation of Bydureon BCise and Byetta (exenatide)Autorité / réglementation
- PubChem (U.S. National Library of Medicine)Exenatide – Compound Summary (CID 45588096)Référence
Cagrilintid
Profil →- New England Journal of Medicine (2025)Coadministered Cagrilintide and Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity (REDEFINE 1)Essai clinique
- The Lancet (2023), PubMed PMID 37364590Efficacy and safety of co-administered once-weekly cagrilintide 2·4 mg with once-weekly semaglutide 2·4 mg in type 2 diabetes: a phase 2 trialÉtude
- ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05567796 (Sponsor: Novo Nordisk A/S, Phase 3)Efficacy and Safety of Cagrilintide s.c. 2.4 mg in Combination With Semaglutide s.c. 2.4 mg (REDEFINE 1)Essai clinique
- eBioMedicine (2025), PMC12270663Cagrilintide lowers bodyweight through brain amylin receptors 1 and 3Étude
- New England Journal of Medicine (2025)Cagrilintide–Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes (REDEFINE 2)Essai clinique
Survodutid
Profil →- New England Journal of Medicine, 2024 (PMID 38847460)A Phase 2 Randomized Trial of Survodutide in MASH and Fibrosis (Sanyal AJ et al.)Étude
- The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, 2024 (PMID 38330987)Glucagon and GLP-1 receptor dual agonist survodutide for obesity: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding phase 2 trial (le Roux CW et al.)Étude
- ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06066515 (Boehringer Ingelheim)SYNCHRONIZE-1: A Study to Test Whether Survodutide (BI 456906) Helps People Living With Overweight or Obesity Who do Not Have Diabetes to Lose Weight (Phase 3)Essai clinique
- ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06077864 (Boehringer Ingelheim)SYNCHRONIZE-CVOT: A Study to Test the Effect of Survodutide (BI 456906) on Cardiovascular Safety in People With Overweight or Obesity (Phase 3)Essai clinique
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 2025 (PMID 39582349; PMC11701180)Survodutide improves blood pressure in adults with obesity: a post hoc analysis from a phase 2 trial (Roux CW et al.)Étude
Mazdutid
Profil →- eClinicalMedicine (The Lancet) / PMCSafety and efficacy of a GLP-1 and glucagon receptor dual agonist mazdutide (IBI362) 9 mg and 10 mg in Chinese adults with overweight or obesity: a randomised, placebo-controlled, multiple-ascending-dose phase 1b trialÉtude
- Nature CommunicationsA phase 2 randomised controlled trial of mazdutide in Chinese overweight adults or adults with obesityÉtude
- NatureMazdutide versus placebo in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes (Phase 3)Étude
- Innovent Biologics (PR Newswire)Innovent Announces Mazdutide, First Dual GCG/GLP-1 Receptor Agonist, Received Approval from China's NMPA for Chronic Weight ManagementRéférence
- Innovent Biologics (PR Newswire)Innovent Announces Mazdutide Received Approval from China's NMPA for Glycemic Control in Adults with Type 2 DiabetesRéférence
Setmelanotid
Profil →- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) / DailyMedIMCIVREE (setmelanotide) injection – Highlights of Prescribing Information (Initial U.S. Approval 2020)Autorité / réglementation
- Clément K, et al. – Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology 2020 (PMID 33137293)Efficacy and safety of setmelanotide, an MC4R agonist, in individuals with severe obesity due to LEPR or POMC deficiency: single-arm, open-label, multicentre, phase 3 trialsÉtude
- Haqq AM, et al. – Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology 2022 (PMID 36356613)Efficacy and safety of setmelanotide, a melanocortin-4 receptor agonist, in patients with Bardet-Biedl syndrome and Alström syndrome: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trialÉtude
- StatPearls Publishing / NCBI Bookshelf (NBK589641)Setmelanotide – StatPearlsRéférence
Pentadeca Arginate (PDA)
Profil →- U.S. Anti-Doping Agency (USADA)BPC-157: Experimental Peptide Creates Risk for Athletes (S0, WADA-Verbot; nicht für menschliche Anwendung) – betrifft BPC-157, nicht PDA-spezifischAutorité / réglementation
- Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024, PMC11053547The Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Pleiotropic Beneficial Activity and Its Possible Relations with Neurotransmitter Activity (Mechanismen: NO-System, VEGF/Angiogenese; überwiegend präklinisch) – BPC-157, nicht PDA-spezifischRevue
- Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2025, PMC11859134Multifunctionality and Possible Medical Application of the BPC 157 Peptide—Literature and Patent Review (Studien überwiegend an Tiermodellen; nicht als Arzneimittel verschrieben, am Schwarzmarkt verfügbar) – BPC-157, nicht PDA-spezifischRevue
- Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine 2025, PMC12446177Regeneration or Risk? A Narrative Review of BPC-157 for Musculoskeletal Healing (Humandaten äußerst spärlich, nur wenige Pilotstudien; nicht für klinischen Einsatz empfohlen) – BPC-157, nicht PDA-spezifischRevue
ARA-290 (Cibinetide)
Profil →- Molecular Medicine (PubMed, PMID 23168581)Safety and efficacy of ARA 290 in sarcoidosis patients with symptoms of small fiber neuropathy: a randomized, double-blind pilot studyÉtude
- Molecular Medicine (PubMed, PMID 24136731)ARA 290 improves symptoms in patients with sarcoidosis-associated small nerve fiber loss and increases corneal nerve fiber densityÉtude
- Molecular Medicine (PubMed, PMID 25387363)ARA 290, a nonerythropoietic peptide engineered from erythropoietin, improves metabolic control and neuropathic symptoms in patients with type 2 diabetesÉtude
- ClinicalTrials.govA Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Phase 2 Dose Ranging Study of the Effects of ARA 290 on Corneal Nerve Fiber Density and Neuropathic Symptoms of Subjects With Sarcoidosis (NCT02039687)Essai clinique
Ipamorelin
Profil →- PubMedRaun et al.: „Ipamorelin, the first selective growth hormone secretagogue“ (Eur J Endocrinol, 1998)Étude
- ClinicalTrials.govPhase-II-Studie: Safety and Efficacy of Ipamorelin for Management of Post-Operative Ileus (NCT00672074)Étude
- WikipediaIpamorelin — Übersicht (NNC 26-0161, Novo Nordisk, Status, Pharmakologie)Référence
- World Anti-Doping AgencyWADA — The Prohibited List (Ipamorelin namentlich unter S2)Référence
IGF-1 LR3
Profil →- Wikipedia (englischsprachiger Übersichtsartikel mit Quellenangaben)IGF-1 LR3 (Long R3 IGF-1) – Struktur (Arg3-Austausch, 13-Aminosäuren-N-terminale Verlängerung), reduzierte IGFBP-Bindung und verlängerte WirkdauerRéférence
- Wikipedia (englischsprachiger Übersichtsartikel mit Quellenangaben)Mecasermin (Increlex) – rekombinantes humanes IGF-1, zugelassene Indikation und Abgrenzung zum nativen IGF-1Référence
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)INCRELEX (mecasermin) injection – Highlights of Prescribing InformationAutorité / réglementation
- U.S. Anti-Doping Agency (USADA)IGF-1 and the World Anti-Doping Agency Prohibited List (exogenes IGF-1 und Analoga jederzeit verboten, Klasse S2)Autorité / réglementation
- Frontiers in Endocrinology 2022 / PubMed Central (PMC9395641)Insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling in the tumor microenvironment: Carcinogenesis, cancer drug resistance, and therapeutic potentialÉtude
Cerebrolysin
Profil →- Cochrane Database of Systematic ReviewsCerebrolysin for acute ischaemic stroke (Cochrane Systematic Review, Ziganshina et al., 2023)Revue
- PubMed / Cochrane Database of Systematic ReviewsCerebrolysin for acute ischaemic stroke (CD007026, pub7) – PubMed-EintragRéférence
- Cochrane Database of Systematic ReviewsCerebrolysin for vascular dementia (Cochrane Systematic Review, Cui et al., 2019)Revue
- WikipediaCerebrolysin – Zusammensetzung, Hersteller (EVER Pharma), FPF-1070 und RegulierungsstatusRéférence
- Drugs.comCerebrolysin (International) – internationale Verfügbarkeit und HandelsstatusRéférence
Thymalin
Profil →- PubMed (Neuroendocrinology Letters)Khavinson VKh, Morozov VG. Peptides of pineal gland and thymus prolong human life. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2003.Étude
- PMC (International Journal of Molecular Sciences)Avolio F, Martinotti S, Khavinson VKh, et al. Peptides Regulating Proliferative Activity and Inflammatory Pathways in the Monocyte/Macrophage THP-1 Cell Line. Int J Mol Sci. 2022. (In-vitro-Studie, u. a. mit Thymalin)Étude
- Springer / Advances in GerontologyKuznik BI, Khavinson VKh, Shapovalov KG, et al. Peptide Drug Thymalin Regulates Immune Status in Severe COVID-19 Older Patients. Advances in Gerontology. 2021.Étude
- PMC (International Journal of Molecular Sciences)The Influence of KE and EW Dipeptides in the Composition of the Thymalin Drug on Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis Involved in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19 (mechanistische/in-silico- bzw. molekulare Analyse).Étude
GDF-11
Profil →- Cell (PubMed)Loffredo et al. (2013): Growth differentiation factor 11 is a circulating factor that reverses age-related cardiac hypertrophyÉtude
- Science (PubMed)Katsimpardi et al. (2014): Vascular and neurogenic rejuvenation of the aging mouse brain by young systemic factorsÉtude
- Cell Metabolism (PubMed)Egerman et al. (2015): GDF11 Increases with Age and Inhibits Skeletal Muscle Regeneration (Gegenbefund + Assay-Kreuzreaktivität)Étude
- Circulation Research (PubMed)Smith et al. (2015): GDF11 does not rescue aging-related pathological hypertrophy (kardialer Gegenbefund)Étude
- Cell Metabolism (PubMed)Schafer et al. (2016): Quantification of GDF11 and Myostatin in Human Aging and Cardiovascular Disease (spezifischer Assay; kein Altersabfall)Étude
Oxytocin
Profil →- U.S. National Library of Medicine (DailyMed)PITOCIN (oxytocin injection) – FDA Prescribing InformationAutorité / réglementation
- Psychoneuroendocrinology (Elsevier) – PubMedThe effects of oxytocin administration on social and routinized behaviors in autism: A preregistered systematic review and meta-analysisÉtude
- Molecular Psychiatry (Nature) – PubMedAdvances in the field of intranasal oxytocin research: lessons learned and future directions for clinical researchRevue
- Pharmaceutics (MDPI) – PMCEffects of Intranasal Administration of Oxytocin and Vasopressin on Social Cognition and Potential Routes and Mechanisms of ActionRevue
Gonadorelin
Profil →- WikipediaGonadorelinRéférence
- Annals of Translational Medicine (PMC8267282; PMID 34277762)Efficacy and safety of pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone therapy in patients with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: a multicentre clinical studyÉtude
- Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism (PMC11156179; PMID 38739523)Pulsatile gonadotropin releasing hormone therapy for spermatogenesis in congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism patients who had poor response to combined gonadotropin therapyÉtude
- Scientific Reports / Nature (PMC6934515; PMID 31882740)Divergent expression patterns of pituitary gonadotropin subunit and GnRH receptor genes to continuous GnRH in vitro and in vivoÉtude
Remarque : les liens mènent à des bases de données et autorités officielles. Leur contenu est continuellement mis à jour et existe indépendamment de cette application. Cette page ne remplace pas un avis médical.

